by Reaser & Temple Adger
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=8nc6nRRbMSQC&oi=fnd&pg=PA161&dq=%22dialect+awareness%22&ots=nCGljSuW9F&sig=CRuVGCNVUiWIL4oH_cNeo1xCaXQ#v=onepage&q=%22dialect%20awareness%22&f=false
There is need for curriculum for teachers not specially trained in linguistics to teach acceptance of dialect diversity.
So maybe I can create a curriculum for FYC teachers?
Showing posts with label american dialects. Show all posts
Showing posts with label american dialects. Show all posts
Monday, September 20, 2010
A Critical Spproach to Standard English
by Anne Lobeck
In Language in the Schools
Traditional, prescriptive grammar is still taught in schools although it doesn't accurately describe the rules for Standard English. "Public attitudes support traditional approaches."
Lobeck goes on to explain how teaching about dialects and registers can help students more than teaching "traditional" grammar.
In Language in the Schools
Traditional, prescriptive grammar is still taught in schools although it doesn't accurately describe the rules for Standard English. "Public attitudes support traditional approaches."
Lobeck goes on to explain how teaching about dialects and registers can help students more than teaching "traditional" grammar.
Wednesday, September 15, 2010
A Review of Developmental and Applied Language Research on African American Children: From a Deficit to Difference Perspective on Dialect Differences
by stockman
because absence of inflectional morphology and substitution of /f/ for /th/ is a symptom of language disorders in native speakers of SAE, AAVE speaking children are sometimes sent to special ed. Clinicians need to know about dialects!
because absence of inflectional morphology and substitution of /f/ for /th/ is a symptom of language disorders in native speakers of SAE, AAVE speaking children are sometimes sent to special ed. Clinicians need to know about dialects!
Unendangered dialects, endanegred people
by Labov
"The argument of this paper may be outlined as follows:
• African American Vernacular English [AAVE] is not an endangered dialect; on
the contrary, it is continuing to develop and diverge from other dialects.
• The primary condition for such divergence is residential segregation.
• Residential segregation, combined with increasing poverty, has led to a
deterioration of many features of social life in the inner cities.
• In these conditions, a majority of children in inner city schools are failing to learn
to read, with a developing cycle of poverty, crime and shorter life span.
• A reduction of residential segregation will lead to greater contact between
speakers of AAVE and speakers of other dialects.
• If at some future date, the social conditions that favor the divergence of AAVE"
"The argument of this paper may be outlined as follows:
• African American Vernacular English [AAVE] is not an endangered dialect; on
the contrary, it is continuing to develop and diverge from other dialects.
• The primary condition for such divergence is residential segregation.
• Residential segregation, combined with increasing poverty, has led to a
deterioration of many features of social life in the inner cities.
• In these conditions, a majority of children in inner city schools are failing to learn
to read, with a developing cycle of poverty, crime and shorter life span.
• A reduction of residential segregation will lead to greater contact between
speakers of AAVE and speakers of other dialects.
• If at some future date, the social conditions that favor the divergence of AAVE"
Sustaining language diversity
by Wolfram
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eEjl6gZfmhwC&oi=fnd&pg=PA187&dq=dialect+awareness&ots=is4C16fJ70&sig=bmJ4btBUqOsAiCAynpX_EYEKex4#v=onepage&q=dialect%20awareness&f=false
Linguists are obligated to get the message of language diversity out. Unfortunately, service is devalued in the academy.
There is a market for documentaries on language diversity.
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eEjl6gZfmhwC&oi=fnd&pg=PA187&dq=dialect+awareness&ots=is4C16fJ70&sig=bmJ4btBUqOsAiCAynpX_EYEKex4#v=onepage&q=dialect%20awareness&f=false
Linguists are obligated to get the message of language diversity out. Unfortunately, service is devalued in the academy.
There is a market for documentaries on language diversity.
Tuesday, September 14, 2010
Teachin’ Good: Using Informal Language as a Bridge to Standard English in the Classroom
by Marlow
Teachers shouldn't correct nonstandard english in the classroom because it doesn't help students codeswitch. Includes background info on dialects in the classroom and practical advice for teachers
Teachers shouldn't correct nonstandard english in the classroom because it doesn't help students codeswitch. Includes background info on dialects in the classroom and practical advice for teachers
Tuesday, November 17, 2009
Gender and Sociolinguistic Variation
by Eckert
We cannot consider gender an independent variable, but must consider it in relation to other variations such as socioeconomic status, identity, and regional variation.
Eckert challenged Labov's generalization that women's speech is more conservative than men's by examining two groups of white teenagers at a Detroit high school. The groups were the jocks and the burnouts, who together accounted for about half the school's populations.
Eckert examined phonological variation among jock and burnout males and females. She found that there was a complex relationship between nonstandard vowels and identity, concluding that we cannot look at gender differences without examining the communities of practice in which the women and men use language.
We cannot consider gender an independent variable, but must consider it in relation to other variations such as socioeconomic status, identity, and regional variation.
Eckert challenged Labov's generalization that women's speech is more conservative than men's by examining two groups of white teenagers at a Detroit high school. The groups were the jocks and the burnouts, who together accounted for about half the school's populations.
Eckert examined phonological variation among jock and burnout males and females. She found that there was a complex relationship between nonstandard vowels and identity, concluding that we cannot look at gender differences without examining the communities of practice in which the women and men use language.
Tuesday, October 20, 2009
MIDDLE-CLASS AFRICAN AMERICANS: REACTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH
by rahman
Rahman asked middle-class blacks at her university to listen to audiotapes of other blacks speaking and rate them according to perceived blackness.
"Findings here show that there is a strong correlation between the dense
use of certain grammatical and phonological features of AAVE, including
intonation, and strong judgments of African American ethnicity. But the attenuation
of AAVE features and use of features associated with other groups
can reduce the salience of speech as African American. The next section
will show that while the heavy use of AAVE features leads to the belief that
a speaker is black, being identifiable as black does not equate with low
judgments of standardness. Yet, it does appear that judgments of “black” or
“white” can be closely related to judgments of standardness and to judgments
of social class and appropriateness"
Use of falsetto voice or highly contoured intonation is one marker of ethnicity. SO is use of /a/ instead of /ay/.
Black Standard English was deemed appropriate at an all-black family barbeque or at a corporate meeting, whereas SE and AAVE were each only appropriate for one.
Rahman asked middle-class blacks at her university to listen to audiotapes of other blacks speaking and rate them according to perceived blackness.
"Findings here show that there is a strong correlation between the dense
use of certain grammatical and phonological features of AAVE, including
intonation, and strong judgments of African American ethnicity. But the attenuation
of AAVE features and use of features associated with other groups
can reduce the salience of speech as African American. The next section
will show that while the heavy use of AAVE features leads to the belief that
a speaker is black, being identifiable as black does not equate with low
judgments of standardness. Yet, it does appear that judgments of “black” or
“white” can be closely related to judgments of standardness and to judgments
of social class and appropriateness"
Use of falsetto voice or highly contoured intonation is one marker of ethnicity. SO is use of /a/ instead of /ay/.
Black Standard English was deemed appropriate at an all-black family barbeque or at a corporate meeting, whereas SE and AAVE were each only appropriate for one.
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Where are the dialects of American ENglish at anyhow?
by Preston
http://americanspeech.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/78/3/235.pdf
Preston wishes Labov, Ash and Boberg had surveyed people who live outside major cities.
He proposes that there IS a Midland, but it is very skinny and begins north of Indianapolis!
http://americanspeech.dukejournals.org/cgi/reprint/78/3/235.pdf
Preston wishes Labov, Ash and Boberg had surveyed people who live outside major cities.
He proposes that there IS a Midland, but it is very skinny and begins north of Indianapolis!
Monday, September 28, 2009
The Social Stratiication of 'r' in New York City Department Stores
by Labov
1972
Because tape-recorded interviews interferred with natural speech, Labov conducted 'rapid and anonymous observations.
He went to 3 stores--S. Klein (low status), Macy's (middle), and Saks (high status) and asked salesladies where were women's shoes to elicit the response "fourth floor." He then said "excuse me?" to elicit an emphatic pronunciation.
The results of r-fulness in al three stores were examined. ue to linguistic insecurity, the middle-class women at Macy's adopted the newly prestigious Midwestern r; the linguistically secure older women at Saks retained their r-lessness; the lower-classed women at Kelin's did not know that their r-lessness was not prestigious.
He also found differences in race, gender, and what floor of the store he was on.
1972
Because tape-recorded interviews interferred with natural speech, Labov conducted 'rapid and anonymous observations.
He went to 3 stores--S. Klein (low status), Macy's (middle), and Saks (high status) and asked salesladies where were women's shoes to elicit the response "fourth floor." He then said "excuse me?" to elicit an emphatic pronunciation.
The results of r-fulness in al three stores were examined. ue to linguistic insecurity, the middle-class women at Macy's adopted the newly prestigious Midwestern r; the linguistically secure older women at Saks retained their r-lessness; the lower-classed women at Kelin's did not know that their r-lessness was not prestigious.
He also found differences in race, gender, and what floor of the store he was on.
Tuesday, September 22, 2009
EVERYONE UP HERE: ENREGISTERMENT AND IDENTITY IN MICHIGAN’S KEWEENAW PENINSULA
by Remlinger
in American Speech
People in Copper Country, above the mitten in Michigan, have a distinctive dialect which is associated with a particular set of ideals. They call themselves "Yoopers."
"The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the articulation of language,
people, and place is not only an effect of discursive practices, but also a
result of historical, economic, and ideological processes. I argue not only
that Copper Country English has become recognized as a regional dialect,
but also that certain features have become normed through discursive and
metadiscursive practices that collectively function to create and maintain the
idea of a local dialect. This awareness (re)shapes perceptions about what the
local dialect is—and is not—and affects the use of particular features and
defines beliefs about those who speak it."
"As examples of talk about
talk, shibboleths are key in enregisterment and defining local identity as they
forge links among identity, dialect, and local knowledge—knowledge based
on language awareness and use."
in American Speech
People in Copper Country, above the mitten in Michigan, have a distinctive dialect which is associated with a particular set of ideals. They call themselves "Yoopers."
"The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the articulation of language,
people, and place is not only an effect of discursive practices, but also a
result of historical, economic, and ideological processes. I argue not only
that Copper Country English has become recognized as a regional dialect,
but also that certain features have become normed through discursive and
metadiscursive practices that collectively function to create and maintain the
idea of a local dialect. This awareness (re)shapes perceptions about what the
local dialect is—and is not—and affects the use of particular features and
defines beliefs about those who speak it."
"As examples of talk about
talk, shibboleths are key in enregisterment and defining local identity as they
forge links among identity, dialect, and local knowledge—knowledge based
on language awareness and use."
Sunday, September 20, 2009
Dialect Features Affecting the social mobility and economic opportunities of the disadvantaged in Fort Wayne, IN
thesis
by Charles Edward Billiard
1969
p. 107 "cultivated speakers distinguished /o/ and {backwards}/c/ in such words as cot and caught...WOrking class and lower-class Latin-Americans have difficulty attaining proper distinctions in the English vowel systems, particularly in pronouncing the phonemes, /I?, /ae/, /schwa/, u/,...."
p.205 --Southern and SOuth Midland forms were less tolerated than Northern forms (greazy rejected by prestigious groups)
by Charles Edward Billiard
1969
p. 107 "cultivated speakers distinguished /o/ and {backwards}/c/ in such words as cot and caught...WOrking class and lower-class Latin-Americans have difficulty attaining proper distinctions in the English vowel systems, particularly in pronouncing the phonemes, /I?, /ae/, /schwa/, u/,...."
p.205 --Southern and SOuth Midland forms were less tolerated than Northern forms (greazy rejected by prestigious groups)
What is dialect?: Revisting the Midland
by Thomas E. Murray and Beth Lee Simon
in language variation and change in the American Midland
This is a wonderful summary of the Midland controversy. The authors propose that there IS a Midland on the basis of grammatical forms (because grammar is more resitant to change).
in language variation and change in the American Midland
This is a wonderful summary of the Midland controversy. The authors propose that there IS a Midland on the basis of grammatical forms (because grammar is more resitant to change).
The Speech of terre haute: a hoosier dialect study
by marvin dale carmony
thesis
p. xv "This study indicates, among other things, that 1 the vocabulary of Terre Haute is essentialy Midland, witha strong admixture of Northern and North Midland words, as well as a considerable proportion of Southern words; (2) the pronunciation of Terre Haute clearly reflects the city's settlement and cultural history, the prestige dialect of today stemming from the prestigiouis and dominat Yankee elemt of yesterday, while "inferior" speech is that containing tyhe most substantial number fo South Midland features; (3) the degree of both social stratification and racial segregation is considerable, judging form the number fo lexical, phonological, morphological and syntactic features with social and racial connotations."
thesis
p. xv "This study indicates, among other things, that 1 the vocabulary of Terre Haute is essentialy Midland, witha strong admixture of Northern and North Midland words, as well as a considerable proportion of Southern words; (2) the pronunciation of Terre Haute clearly reflects the city's settlement and cultural history, the prestige dialect of today stemming from the prestigiouis and dominat Yankee elemt of yesterday, while "inferior" speech is that containing tyhe most substantial number fo South Midland features; (3) the degree of both social stratification and racial segregation is considerable, judging form the number fo lexical, phonological, morphological and syntactic features with social and racial connotations."
Positive anymore in the midwest
by thomas e. murray
in "heartland" english
negative anymore is standard english, but some dialects also accept positive anymore. positive anymore has "little or no sociolinguistic significance". "various forms of positive anymore having unequal acceptance throughout the Midwest: all forms are evidently not considered equal in the mids of all users;..."
"continues to spread outward"
in "heartland" english
negative anymore is standard english, but some dialects also accept positive anymore. positive anymore has "little or no sociolinguistic significance". "various forms of positive anymore having unequal acceptance throughout the Midwest: all forms are evidently not considered equal in the mids of all users;..."
"continues to spread outward"
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
The Language of Yankee Cultural Imperialism
frazer
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
p 62 IN and IL experienced tension between the N and S over political power
p 63-64 New Englanders moved entire congregations together Their culture stressed accumulation of wealth
p64-65 "want out" in a novel a Yankee schoolmistress heard this expression for the first time
p. 65 Inland N. became dialect of Midwest cities
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
p 62 IN and IL experienced tension between the N and S over political power
p 63-64 New Englanders moved entire congregations together Their culture stressed accumulation of wealth
p64-65 "want out" in a novel a Yankee schoolmistress heard this expression for the first time
p. 65 Inland N. became dialect of Midwest cities
"On Inland Northern and the Factors for Dialect Spread and Shift
donahue
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
Inland Northern was once considered just a regional dialect, but is now conidered "basic and correct." "General American."
4 reasons for this:
p 52
1. industrial Great Lakes region increased in economic and social power
2. Webster's 2nd Intl Dictionary
3. NBC Pronouncing Dictionary
4. Mass media
p54 N. Inland is used by mass culture, the dialect used away form family
p56-57 people in the 30s went to movies and learned inland n. dialect. Like finishing school
p57-58 inland N. in decline and N Midland on the rise due to "collapse of the rust belt" and social factors
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
Inland Northern was once considered just a regional dialect, but is now conidered "basic and correct." "General American."
4 reasons for this:
p 52
1. industrial Great Lakes region increased in economic and social power
2. Webster's 2nd Intl Dictionary
3. NBC Pronouncing Dictionary
4. Mass media
p54 N. Inland is used by mass culture, the dialect used away form family
p56-57 people in the 30s went to movies and learned inland n. dialect. Like finishing school
p57-58 inland N. in decline and N Midland on the rise due to "collapse of the rust belt" and social factors
Two Heartland Perceptions of language variety
by Preston
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
Hoosierss have linguistic insecurity from their association with the South
p46-47 insecure areas such as IN perceive themselves as "exaggerated isolation"
in in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
Hoosierss have linguistic insecurity from their association with the South
p46-47 insecure areas such as IN perceive themselves as "exaggerated isolation"
Problems in Midlwest English: Introduction and Overview
in "heartland" english: variation and transition in the american midwest
by Timothy C. Frazer
p2 Inland Northern sometimes mistaken as General American
p3-4 Northern-Midland boundary thru Indiana. Debate about where S. and N. boundaries are
p9 Terre Haute IN--a Hoosier apex but N regional vocab
p. 267 Where are the boundaries of the Midwest? North Central, according to Ling. Atlas
by Timothy C. Frazer
p2 Inland Northern sometimes mistaken as General American
p3-4 Northern-Midland boundary thru Indiana. Debate about where S. and N. boundaries are
p9 Terre Haute IN--a Hoosier apex but N regional vocab
p. 267 Where are the boundaries of the Midwest? North Central, according to Ling. Atlas
Indiana dialects in their historical setting
by Marvin Carmony
p9 south and north immigrants to IN
p11 Hoosiers are "isolated and self-sufficient"
p15 older dialectology
p18 N. and S. divided, but some words throughout IN
p19 North, South, and Midland with N.Midland and S.Midland
p26 there was a fuzzier line between dialects for freshmen in 1969
p28 southern march of northern words
p28-29 southernmost IN is seperate still
p 32-33 northern forms winning out
p38 "melk" and "manella"
p9 south and north immigrants to IN
p11 Hoosiers are "isolated and self-sufficient"
p15 older dialectology
p18 N. and S. divided, but some words throughout IN
p19 North, South, and Midland with N.Midland and S.Midland
p26 there was a fuzzier line between dialects for freshmen in 1969
p28 southern march of northern words
p28-29 southernmost IN is seperate still
p 32-33 northern forms winning out
p38 "melk" and "manella"
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
