Linguistic COntroversies, VBE Structures, and Midwest Attitudes

by Timothy J. Riney
in heartland english

p 85 "...VBE and vernacular Midland share a lot of common grammatical structures."
p. 85-87 differences and similarities in Midland and VBE
Waterloo is 21% black

Subjects rated standard English, black accented Eng. with historical present, and VBE on an perceived intelligence scale.

Of course, VBE was associated with less intelligence, standard with highest intelligence, and black accent in the middle.